Types of Battery used for EVs

Types of Battery used in EVs

EVs are the new trend in the market of two-wheeler, three-wheeler and four-wheelers. Every manufacturer is focusing on transportation vehicles that does not harm the environment. EVs are the new resolution, An Electric Vehicle run on battery and motor, as there are no IC engines for EVs. The battery used in EVs are all rechargeable.

All the batteries have their own pros and cons. According to the cost, discharge, and temperature the battery can handle and density, the battery type is chosen for the usage.

There are three types of batteries used for EVs and they are as follows.

1.     Gel Battery

2.     Lead-Acid Battery

3.     Lithium Ion Battery (LI-ION)

4.     Lithium Ion Ferro Phosphate Battery (LiFePo4)


 


LEAD ACID

LI-ION (Lithium Ion)

LiFePO4 (Lithium Iron Ferro Phosphate)

Cost

·       Low

·       Expensive

·       Less expensive

Energy Density

·       Low

·       High

·       Low compared to Li-Ion

Portability

·       Heavy

·       Portable

·       Portable

Charging Hours

·       Long

·       Less

·       Less

Life Cycle

·       >500

·       500 to 1000

·       1000 to 10,000

Safety

·       Risky if not maintained

·       Safe

·       Safer compared to Li-Ion

Maintenance

·       High

·       Medium

·       Low

Battery Self-Discharge Rate

·       High

·       Low

·       Low compared to Li-Ion

Battery Weight

·       Heavy

·       Lighter than LifePo4

·       Lightweight

Stability During Temperature Changes In Environment

·       Unstable

·       Unstable

·       Stable and Incombustible

 

Ø  Cost: The cost of batteries varies from one battery to other. Lead acid Battery is cheap and reliable, but Li-Ion batteries are expensive as there are many factors that make the cost of the Li-Ion battery price go higher, next to lead acid Battery, LiFepo4 is the next affordable battery that can be installed in EVs. The cost of the EV largely depends on the battery cost, the higher the materials/elements used in a battery, the higher the price of the EV.

Ø  Energy Density: More and higher the density of the battery, the longer can it give the energy to EVs to run. The Energy density of Li-Ion Battery is the highest compared to LiFePo4 Battery, and Low in Lead Acid Battery.

Ø  Portability: Portability depends on how heavy the battery is or whether can it be carried? Lead Acid Battery is heavier due to their high lead content. Compared to Lead Acid batteries, Li-Ion Batteries and LiFePo4 batteries are portable and can be carried.

Ø  Charging hours: The charging hours of Li-Ion and LiFePo4 Battery are less compared to Lead Acid Battery as Li-Io Battery and LiFePo4 Battery are discovered recently and have been developed and manufactured with the latest technology. Usually, the charging hours for EV two-wheelers are 3 to 7 hours depending on the type of battery used (Lead Acid/Li-Ion/LiFePo4), and four-wheelers 8 to 12 hours.

Ø  Life cycle: Batteries decline gradually as per usage. Life cycle of Lead-Acid Battery is less as the leads in the battery deteriorate gradually when compared to Li-ion Battery and LiFePo4 Battery. Life cycle of Lead Acid Battery is less than 500 cycles, Li-Ion has 500 to 1,000 cycles and a LiFePo4 Battery has 1,000 to 10,000 cycles. LiFePo4 runs for a long time without decreasing performance.

Ø  Safety: Lead Acid batteries can be reliable in cost concept but they are hazardous to the environment and humans. Li-Ion Battery can overheat sometimes, but LifePo4 does not catch fire or overheat.

Ø  Maintenance: Maintaining the battery is needed according to the type of battery we use for the EV. Maintenance:- Lead Acid Battery > Li-Ion Battery > LiFePo4 Battery, the lead acid battery needs high maintenance as it self-discharges more, even when the battery is not in use. LiFePo4 Battery also self-discharges itself when the battery is not in use but at a very low rate when compared to Li-Ion battery.

Ø  Battery Self-Discharge rate: As mentioned in the maintenance point above, the self-discharge rate of Lead Acid Batteries is high when compared to Li-Ion Batteries and LiFePo4 Batteries.

Ø  Battery weight: The battery weight depends on the number of materials, elements, and chemicals used for the battery. The higher the materials, elements and chemicals, the heavier the weight of the battery.

For example: The more the mileage of the EV, the battery will be big in dimension and heavy.

Ø  Stability During Temperature Changes In Environment: As LiFePo4 is safer as it can withstand high-temperature changes in the environment. Unlike Li-Ion Battery and Lead-Acid Battery, they have an unstable nature towards the temperature change in the environment.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

NVs EV blog

Image
Hi! This Blog is about Electric Two Wheeler available in India and information relating to E- T wo-wheelers. In India, Electric Vehicles are the current trend that is growing recently, there were very few brands that sold EVs in the market but now the market of EVs has become huge and there are numerous brands and manufacturers in India. Many customers are confused about whether to buy an EV, whether is it worth it, do we get any issues after buying it, EVs are expensive and not affordable, which is the best EV to buy, which EV is affordable, and countless questions like these run through their minds. So here's a platform where you can get answers to all those questions and have a great future for us and future generations by saving our nature which saves our health and well-being. "Nature has given us everything, now it is our time to give back to Nature" - Go Green Go Electric (Nevadhita Automobiles)
Read more